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`tools` – General purpose tools¶

Common tools for timing, data logging, and linear algebra.

Timing tools¶

wait(time)¶

Pauses the user program for a specified amount of time.

Parameters: time (Number, ms) – How long to wait.

class StopWatch¶

A stopwatch to measure time intervals. Similar to the stopwatch feature on your phone.

time() → int: ms¶

Gets the current time of the stopwatch.

Returns: Elapsed time.

pause()¶: Pauses the stopwatch.

resume()¶: Resumes the stopwatch.

reset()¶

Resets the stopwatch time to 0.

The run state is unaffected:

If it was paused, it stays paused (but now at 0).
If it was running, it stays running (but starting again from 0).

Input tools¶

read_input_byte() → int | None¶

Reads one byte from standard input without blocking.

Returns: The numeric value of the byte read or None if no data is available.

Linear algebra tools¶

Changed in version 3.3: These tools were previously located in the pybricks.geometry module.

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class Matrix(rows)¶

Mathematical representation of a matrix. It supports addition (A + B), subtraction (A - B), and matrix multiplication (A * B) for matrices of compatible size.

It also supports scalar multiplication (c * A or A * c) and scalar division (A / c).

A Matrix object is immutable.

Parameters: rows (list) – List of rows. Each row is itself a list of numbers.

T¶: Returns a new Matrix that is the transpose of the original.

shape¶: Returns a tuple (m, n), where m is the number of rows and n is the number of columns.

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vector(x, y) → Matrix¶

vector(x, y, z) → Matrix

Convenience function to create a Matrix with the shape (2, 1) or (3, 1).

Parameters

x (float) – x-coordinate of the vector.
y (float) – y-coordinate of the vector.
z (float) – z-coordinate of the vector (optional).

Returns

A matrix with the shape of a column vector.

cross(a, b) → Matrix¶

Gets the cross product a × b of two vectors.